RAVENCLAW

== Members: Stephanie Appel, Stefan Swecker, Joshua Gregory, Fernanda Winchester, Elisha Sexton, Eddie Hughes, Desiree Price, Brent Delph, Carrie Miller, Amanda Fong==

=Study Guide for Module III =

Identify the 6 competencies defined below by QSEN

 * Safety**: Minimizes risk of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.
 * Quality improvement**: Use data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and use improvement methods to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care systems.
 * Informatics**: Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision making.
 * Evidence-based practice**: Integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family preferences and values for delivery of optimal health care.
 * Teamwork and collaboration**: Function effectively within nursing and inter-professional teams, fostering open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision-making to achieve quality patient care.
 * Patient centered care**: Recognize the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient's preferences, values, and needs.

Percentage of women age 18+ who are disabled
Hope this helps, I'll post more later. Fernanda

Explain why an RN would want to become certified through ANCC and provide an example. = Certification protects the public by enabling anyone to identify competent people more readily. Simultaneously, it aids the profession by encouraging and recognizing professional achievement. Certification also recognizes specialization, enhances professionalism and, in some cases, serves as a criterion for financial reimbursement. It may also foster an enlarged role within the employment setting. Because certification of nursing practice signifies attainment of specific criteria and knowledge, skills, and abilities in a specific specialty field, certified nurses comprise a minority of the professional nursing population. - Eddie

Module II: Nurse Theorists / Scholars / Leaders and Evidence Based Practice (EBP)

Step I: Identify the 15 nurses listed below in the brief summaries, Step II: Determine the 10 remaining nurses from the list that don't have summaries and each of you write up a brief summary of ONE nurse similar to the 15 I completed Step II: Post your 10 edited summaries with their answers on this page right below these instructions Step IV: Review the posting of the other 3 groups, I will use the summaries from your 4 groups on this weeks quiz


 * POST your ten new summaries here with names

1) I was involved in all aspects of the The Loeb for Nursing and Rehabilitation from construction to administration that involved care of people with chronic illnesses. As the Founder and first Director, I insisted that nurses be in charge of all day to day operations. The “Care,Core, Cure” model which I developed was driven from the philosophy that: “the ultimate nature of nursing fostered a therapeutic environment leading to a patient’s full recovery”. As a pioneer in “nurse-led” care, I believed personalized and professional nursing care was essential to the whole process of healing the body and the spirit. ** ~Lydia E. Hall~ **

2) MARTHA ROGERS - (May 12, 1914–March 13, 1994)
American nurse, researcher, theorist, and author who is most widely known for developing the Science of Unitary Human Beings as well as her book //An Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing.//Her Unitary Human Beings theory focused on the following: nursing is a science and an art; a new identity of nursing as a science arises from the relationship of people to the environment; the irreducible nature of individuals is different from the sum of the parts; the purpose of nursing is to promote health and wellbeing for all persons wherever they are.

3) Currently an associate professor of nursing at the University of Akron College or Nursing, I specialize in Gerontology, End of Life and Long Term Care Interventions, Comfort Studies, Instrument Development, and Nursing Theory and Research. I graduated with a PhD in nursing in 1997, and received a certificate of authority as a clinical nurse specialist. I define health as optimal functioning, as defined by the patient, group, family, or community, and I view the environment as any aspect of the patient, family, or institutional surroundings that can be manipulated by a nurse or loved one to enhance comfort. My theory was deliberated in women with third stage breast cancer undergoing radiation and chemotherapy, and since has been tested in patients with urinary incontinence and those nearing end of life. The basis to my theory is that comfort will lead to recovery. Who am I? -Katharine Kolcaba

**4) Ernestine Wiedenbach: The Helping Art of Clinical Nursing** I believe that there are __four main elements__ to clinical nursing: **//a//** **//philosophy//**, **//a//** **//purpose//**, **//a//** **//practice//** and **//the art//**. A nurse’s **__philosophy__** reflects his/her attitude and beliefs shaped by personal experience that should include //three components//: a reverence for life; a respect for all people’s dignity, worth, autonomy and individuality; and a resolution to act on personally and professionally held beliefs. The nurse’s **__purpose__** is defined by what he/she wants to accomplish through what he/she does for the overall good of the patient. A nurse’s feelings and beliefs are observed in his/her actions (**__practice__**) to meet the patient’s need for help. The **__art__** of nursing includes: understanding the patient’s needs and concerns; developing goals and actions meant to improve the patient’s ability and directing medical plan activities to improve the patient’s condition including prevention of complications leading to reoccurrence or new concerns.

5) PATRICIA BENNER This nurse has published numerous books, including her theory on skill acquisition and clinical judgment in nursing practice. In one of her books, entitled “From novice to expert: Excellence and power in clinical nursing practice” (1984), she acknowledged the importance of experiences in addition to knowledge for the acquisition of nursing skills. She identified five stages of skill acquisition in nursing development: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Her model is widely used in practice and research both in the United States and internationally. She is currently a professor at the School of Nursing at University of California, San Francisco.

**6) Faye Glenn Abdellah**
Born in 1919, I was the first nurse and the first woman to serve as United States Deputy Surgeon General and developed educational materials in areas of public health including AIDS, smoking cessation, alcoholism, violence, the mentally handicapped, hospice care, and drug addiction. I helped to move the field of nursing theory away from a disease-centered approach with //Better Nursing Care Through Nursing Research// and //Patient-Centered Approaches to Nursing//, and created the Patient Assessment of Care Evaluation method. I developed twenty-one nursing problems; a guide to structuring patient care that addressed the sociological, emotional, and physical needs of the patient. I stressed the importance of problem solving and providing care for the whole individual.

====7) I was born in 1926. I developed the Human-to-Human Relationship Model. In 1956 i completed my BSN degree at Louisiana State University and in 1959 completed my Master of Science degree in Nursing Degree at Yale University. I was a psychiatric nurse, educator and writer. My focus was with the interpersonal aspects of nursing and i wrote a book called Interpersonal Aspects of Nursing in 1966. I believe that "human-to-human relationship is the means by which the purpose of nursing is fulfilled." This is accomplished through human-to-human relationships that begin with the first encounter and then progress through stages of emerging identities, developing feelings of empathy and later feelings of sympathy. I believe that the nurse and patient attain a rapport in the final stage of life. My beliefs and model contributed to the development of what is known today as Hospice nursing. My name is...... . Joyce Travelbee .====

8) I developed the nursing process theory in the late 1950’s while an associate professor and project investigator at Yale. I started out only grading nurses as “good” or “bad” by observing the way they interacted with patients, but then realized that there was much more to it. Through my own research I devised that the nurse’s duty is to diagnose and attend to a “patient’s immediate need for help.” Some patients may not be forthcoming with the truth and sometimes do not know themselves what they need (I have worked extensively in mental health), so I believe that a nurse needs to use perception to understand what the need truly is. My theory has evolved into a process that involves 5 steps: Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. I believe that the nurse should be focused on the patient, not on their own agenda. Who am I? - ﻿ Ida Jean Orlando

9) ﻿ Nola J. Pender . She is an advocate of health promotion. She developed the **Health Promotion Model** that is proposed as a holistic predictive model of health-promoting behavior used internationally for research, education and practice. She developed the program “Girls on the Move” and began intervention research in the usefulness of the model in helping adolescents adopt physically active lifestyles. She received the Lifetime Achievement Award, Midwest Nursing Research Society in 2005 and was selected for Portraits of Excellence, FITNE series, volume II. She is Professor Emerita in the University of Michigan, School of Nursing. She believes that __“the future will be bright and productive for nurses who direct their careers toward understanding disease prevention and health promotion”.__

~O~O~O~ Following the list of 25 nurse leaders below (most of which are considered out key nursing theorists) I have listed 15 brief summaries of the women from key facts/ concepts associated with the nurse leaders name. As a group of 10 you will work to match the names to the their corresponding synopsis. In addition you are to write a brief synopsis of the remaining 10 women not already summarized …so one summary per person for the group of 10.

Module II quiz this week will be a matching quiz. I have provided the synopsis of 15 nurses from the list your group will develop the remaining 10 and all will posted and used for the quiz. The quiz opens Thursday at noon closes Saturday June 4th at 11:59 pm.

21 Nursing Theorists followed by 4 leading public health/community care focused nurses 22. Clara Barton: nurse, humanitarian 23. Mary Carson Breckenridge: nurse midwife, role in maternal infant and frontier health 24. Jessie Sleet Scales: leader in Public Health Nursing 25. Lillian Wald: nurse, social worker
 * 1) Florence Nightingale - Environment theory
 * 2) Hildegard Peplau - Interpersonal theory
 * 3) Virginia Henderson - Need Theory
 * 4) Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems
 * 5) Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory
 * 6) Dorothy Johnson - System model
 * 7) Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings
 * 8) Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory
 * 9) Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory
 * 10) Betty Neuman - System model
 * 11) Sister Calista Roy - Adaptation theory
 * 12) Jean Watson - Philosophy and Caring Model
 * 13) Madeleine Leininger -Transcultural nursing
 * 14) Patricia Benner - From Novice to Expert
 * 15) Lydia E. Hall - The Core, Care and Cure
 * 16) Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model
 * 17) [|Joyce Travelbee] - Human-To-Human Relationship Model
 * 18) [|Margaret Newman] - Health As Expanding Consciousness
 * 19) [|Katharine Kolcaba] - Comfort Theory
 * 20) [|Rosemarie Rizzo Parse] - Human Becoming Theory
 * 21) [|Ernestine Wiedenbach] - The Helping Art of Clinical Nursing

The following are 15 brief statements/summaries of nurses that have distinguished themselves in the profession and shaped the development of nursing science theory.

Fill in the blanks here as a group make sure you agree and match the name above to the matching summary below

1. ** Virginia Henderson ** Which nurse defined the role of nursing (i.e. placing their primary focus on the patient), specified the 14 functions of basic nursing care, and laid the foundation for evidence based nursing practice? They defined the role of nursing "as doing things for patients that they would do for themselves".

My Conceptual model is focused on the patients' actions to meet their own therapeutic demands. The goal of nursing is to move a patient toward responsible self-care or meet existing health care needs of those who have health care deficits. To move the patient from dependency to independence, totally or with adaptive equipment with the environment, forms an integrated, functional whole. Who am I?
 * 2 ** . ** Dorothea Orem **

Transcultural nursing focuses on a comparative study and analysis of different cultures and subcultures in the world regarding their caring behavior, nursing care, health-illness values, and patterns of behavior. Nursing is a learned humanistic and scientific profession that focuses on personalized care behaviors, functions, and processes that have physical, psycho cultural and social significance or meaning. The goal of nursing is to facilitate individuals to regain or maintain health in a way that is culturally congruent, or to help people face handicaps or death. Conceptual framework is focused on cultural care and health.
 * 3 ** .** Madeleine Leininger **

Who theorized that in all settings of nursing a client's goals are met through the interaction between client and nurse in her theory of goal attainment? Who is the nursing theorist that developed a model which seeks to integrate the personal, interpersonal, and social systems that influence the patient's health?
 * 4 ** .** Imogene King **

I introduced the first midwifery service in the United States and founded the Frontier Nursing Service which lowered the infant and maternal mortality rate of rural Appalachia. Eighty-five years ago my service began with "Nurses on Horseback" and has evolved to include a hospital, home health agency, rural healthcare clinics and a school of nurse midwifery and family nursing. Who am I?
 * 5 ** . ** Mary Carson Breckenridge **

Who was the first African American public health nurse, hired in 1902 by the charity organization, to visit African American families infected by TB and is credited with paving the way for African American nurses in the practice of community health.
 * 6 ** . ** Jessie Sleet Scales **

She wrote the classic book "Nursing - Human Science & Human Care" which explores the balance between science and nursing that is the basis of the nursing profession. She draws from the works of Eastern and Western philosophers and emphasizes that the role that nursing plays in our society is based on human care. The practice of nursing is different from curing. It is a transpersonal relationship that includes, but is not limit to ten caritas factors.
 * 7 ** . ** Jean Watson **

Who was the nurse responsible for establishing the first ideas and definitions of Nursing? A service to mankind intended to relieve and pain and suffering. Nursing's role is to promote or provide the proper environment for patients. The goal of nursing is to promote the reparative process by manipulating the environment.
 * 8 ** . ** Florence Nightingale **

I worked as a nurse on the Lower East Side of New York City. The year was 1912. I spent my time working with immigrant families. After a bad experience, I devoted my life to teaching women about birth control. I published a pamphlet on reproductive anatomy and sexual development, becoming the first advocate for sex education. I was an American birth control activist, advocate of eugenics, and founder of the American Birth Control League.
 * 9 ** . **Margaret Sanger**

This nurse theorized that health as an expanding consciousness was stimulated by concern for those for whom health as the absence of disease or disability is not possible. This consciousness is a process of becoming more of oneself, of finding greater meaning in life, and of reaching new dimensions of connectedness with other people and the world.
 * 10 ** . **Margaret Newman**

I was a nurse, social worker, public health official, teacher, author, editor, publisher, activist for peace, women's, children's and civil rights. I was the founder of American community nursing and regarded as the founder of visiting nursing in the United States and Canada. (hint: I also started Henry Street Settlement with help from another leader) Who is credited with creating the title "public health nurse"?
 * 11 ** . ** Lillian Wald **

I drew my inspiration from the resiliency of children. My model includes the adaptive system with cognator and regulator subsystems acting to maintain adaptation in 4 adaptive modes, which are as follows: 1. physiologic-physical, 2. self-concept-group identity, 3. role function and 4. interdependence. To summarize my model it is a problem solving approach for gathering data, identifying the capacities and needs of humans, selecting and implementing approaches for nursing care and evaluation of the care provided. Who am I?
 * 12 ** . ** Sister Calista Roy **

This person developed a conceptual framework that views the person as a layered, multidimensional entity in constant flux and flow with the environment. The layering in the model represents various methods of coping and defense to protect the person, with a focus on stress and feedback. views nursing as a "unique profession in that it is concerned with all of the variables affecting the individual's response to stress. Major concern for the nurse is keeping the client system stable through accuracy in assessment of effects and possible effects of environmental stressors
 * 13 ** . **Betty Neuman**

This person developed the seven nursing roles, and composed the developmental stages of the nurse-client relationship. She believed that nurses could facilitate a "shared-experience" through observation, description, formulation, interpretation, validation and intervention.
 * 14 ** . **Hildegard Peplau**

Who was the woman who founded an American branch of the Red Cross in 1881 and expanded the organizational mission to include response to any great national disaster--not just humanitarian aid in war? Had it not been for the early work and philosophy of this early pioneer in healthcare, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) may not have been established. One of her first macro level nursing services was to Cuban citizens and American military personnel during the Spanish-American war. In addition, she also started American disaster relief efforts.
 * 15 ** . **Clara Barton**