SLYTHERIN



** Slytherin House Members: ** Traci Shaffer, Steven Young, Kimberly Roessler, Scott Hendrix, Jeanna Bellen, Irmine Milord, Grant Johnson, George Fredericks, Beth Dorton, and Daleigh Tallent

Module III: Study Guide
Define QSEN: **Quality and Safety Education for Nurses**


 * Identify the 6 Competencies Defined by QSEN:**
 * Safety**: Minimizes risks of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.
 * Quality Improvement**: Use data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and use improvement methods to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care systems.
 * Informatics**: Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision making.
 * Evidence-Based Practice**: "Integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family preferences and values for delivery of optimal health care.
 * Teamwork and Collaboration**: Function effectively within nursing and inter-professional teams, fostering open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision-making to achieve quality patient care.
 * Patient-Centered Care**: Recognize the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient's preferences, values, and needs.


 * Identify the 3 Components** necessary to continuously improve the quality and safety of the healthcare systems in which nurses work**:**
 * KSA: Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes**

~ Hope this helps! -Jeanna


 * Module II: Nurse Theorists / Scholars / Leaders and Evidence Based Practice (EBP) **

Step I: Identify the 15 nurses listed below in the brief summaries, Step II: Determine the 10 remaining nurses from the list that don't have summaries and each of you write up a brief summary of ONE nurse similar to the 15 I completed Step II: Post your 10 edited summaries with their answers on this page right below these instructions Step IV: Review the posting of the other 3 groups, I will use the summaries from your 4 groups on this weeks quiz


 * This nurse has been a nurse educator for over 40 years. She developed the Health Promotions Model in the 1980's which was revised in 1996. This model is used internationally for research, education and practice. She conducted research testing on the Health Promotion Model with adults and adolescents. She developed the program "Girls on the move" and began research into the usefulness of this model in helping adolescents adopt a physically active lifestyle. Who am I? //**-Nola Pender** (Grant Johnson) //


 *  ﻿ She is currently a professor in the Department of Physiological Nursing at the University of California, San Francisco and devotes her time outside the classroom to the study of clinical nursing practice and research. Her various writings include 9 published books and many detailed articles about nursing skill acquisition and development of nursing knowledge. This nurse introduced the concept that “expert nurses develop skills and understanding of patient care over time through a sound educational bases as well as a multitude of experiences.” She is best known for adapting Dreyfus’ Model of Skill Acquisition and Skill Development to clinical nursing practice. She created the “Novice to Expert Theory” in 1982 which is composed of the 5 levels of nursing development: 1) Novice, 2) Advanced Beginner, 3) Competent, 4) Proficient, and 5) Expert. Each step of the theory builds on the previous one and once the nurse shows the most excellent clinical care, then he/she has reached the level of competence of expert. Who am I? //**-Patricia Benner** (Jeanna Bellen) //


 * // ﻿ // I believe that nursing care is concerned with the patient's state of equilibrium. A "stressor" can cause a patient to tbe in disequilibrium. The nurses' goal is to achieve a state of stability in which eight subsystems are nurtured, and balance is restored. By grouping behaviors systematically, care can be predicted and ordered. This is a nurse centered activity, with the nurse determining the patient's needs stating behavior appropriate to that need. Who am I? //**-Dororthy Johnson**// //(Kimberly Roessler)//


 * ﻿I believed that there were 4 main elements to clinical nursing. They included: a philosophy, a purspose, a practice and the art. Nursing is the practice of identifying a patient's need for help through oberservation of presenting behaviors and symptoms, exploring the meaning of those symptoms with the patient, determining the cause(s) of discomfort, and determing the patient's ability to resolve the discomfort or if the patient has a need for help from the nurse or other healthcare professionals. Who am I? //**-Ernestine Wiedenbach** (Kimberly Roessler) //


 * I share a birthday with Florence Nightingale. I began my academic career at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville in 1931. My nursing theory is "Unitary Human being" which identifies the phenomena that is the center of nursing purpose, the person as a unified whole. The details of the theory are included in my book; An Introdution to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing (Rogers, 1970). Concepts of my model include energy field, openness, pattern, nursing is both a science and art, environment, and health. Who am I? //**-Martha Roger** (Scott Hendrix) //


 * I developed the "Core, Care and Cure" theory in the late 1960's. I postulated that individuals could be conceptualized in three separate domains: the body (care), the illness (cure), and the person (core). My theories paved the way to modern nursing whereby nurses used critical thinking and medical knowledge to treat and heal patients rather than merely carrying out doctors' orders. Who am I? //**- Lydia Hall** (Irmine Milord) //


 * I first published my theory in 1981 titled "A Man-living-health" theory. The title was later changed in 1992 to remove the term "man" and broaden the application of my theory. I believe nurses should focus on the patient's quality of life when giving care and should not seek to "fix" the problem. I structured my theory around three interlocking themes: meaning, rhythmicity, and transcendence. Currently, I am a a consultant for New York University's College of Nursing and editor of //Nursing Science Quarterly//. Who am I? **-//Rosemarie Rizzo Parse//** //(Daleigh Tallent)//


 * While working at a Catholic charity hospital, I was struck by the lack of compassion the staff demonstrated to the patients. I warned my peers that this may lead our clients to search out "a new and different kind of health care worker." These concerns lead me to call for a "humanistic revolution" and to reemphasize the central role that compassion must play in our field. Combining concepts from existentialism and Logotherapy, I formulated my Human-to-Human Relationship Model presented in my work entitled //Interpersonal Aspects of Nursing// (1966, 1971). My legacy can be seen in the hospice movement. Who am I? ﻿ //**-**// //**Joyce Travelbee ﻿ **(George Fredericks) //


 * I developed the Nursing Process Theory while serving as Director of the Graduate Program in Mental Health Psychiatric Nursing at Yale. This process states that the role of the nurse is to find out and meet the patient's immediate need for help. The patient's plea may not match the help actually needed. I developed this theory from observations during practice in the 1950's. I believe using this theory keeps the nurse's focus on the patient. Who am I? **-//Ida Jean Orlando//** // (Steve Young) //

>
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%;"> I developed the Comfort Theory in the 1990's. Comfort for health care is defined as the immediate state of being strengthened by having the needs for relief, ease, and transcendence addressed in a holistic approach which considers physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental factors. I published //Comfort Theory and Practice: A Vision for Holistic Care and Research.// The overall purpose of my theory was to highlight the importance of comforting our patients in this high tech world. Who am I? **//- Katharine Kolcaba//** // (Beth Dorton) //

Following the list of 25 nurse leaders below (most of which are considered out key nursing theorists) I have listed 15 brief summaries of the women from key facts/ concepts associated with the nurse leaders name. As a group of 10 you will work to match the names to the their corresponding synopsis. In addition you are to write a brief synopsis of the remaining 10 women not already summarized …so one summary per person for the group of 10.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">21 Nursing Theorists followed by 4 leading public health/community care focused nurses: 22. Clara Barton: nurse, humanitarian 23. Mary Carson Breckenridge: nurse midwife, role in maternal infant and frontier health 24. Jessie Sleet Scales: leader in Public Health Nursing 25. Lillian Wald: nurse, social worker
 * 1) Florence Nightingale - Environment theory
 * 2) Hildegard Peplau - Interpersonal theory
 * 3) Virginia Henderson - Need Theory
 * 4) Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems
 * 5) Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory
 * 6) Dorothy Johnson - System model
 * 7) Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings
 * 8) Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory
 * 9) Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory
 * 10) Betty Neuman - System model
 * 11) Sister Calista Roy - Adaptation theory
 * 12) Jean Watson - Philosophy and Caring Model
 * 13) Madeleine Leininger -Transcultural nursing
 * 14) Patricia Benner - From Novice to Expert
 * 15) Lydia E. Hall - The Core, Care and Cure
 * 16) Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model
 * 17) [|Joyce Travelbee] - Human-To-Human Relationship Model
 * 18) [|Margaret Newman] - Health As Expanding Consciousness
 * 19) [|Katharine Kolcaba] - Comfort Theory
 * 20) [|Rosemarie Rizzo Parse] - Human Becoming Theory
 * 21) [|Ernestine Wiedenbach] - The Helping Art of Clinical Nursing

The following are 15 brief statements/summaries of nurses that have distinguished themselves in the profession and shaped the development of nursing science theory. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fill in the blanks here as a group make sure you agree and match the name above to the matching summary below.

**1. ﻿ Virginia Henderson ** Which nurse defined the role of nursing (i.e. placing their primary focus on the patient), specified the 14 functions of basic nursing care, and laid the foundation for evidence based nursing practice? They defined the role of nursing "as doing things for patients that they would do for themselves".

My Conceptual model is focused on the patients' actions to meet their own therapeutic demands. The goal of nursing is to move a patient toward responsible self-care or meet existing health care needs of those who have health care deficits. To move the patient from dependency to independence, totally or with adaptive equipment with the environment, forms an integrated, functional whole. Who am I?
 * 2. Dorothea Orem **

Transcultural nursing focuses on a comparative study and analysis of different cultures and subcultures in the world regarding their caring behavior, nursing care, health-illness values, and patterns of behavior. Nursing is a learned humanistic and scientific profession that focuses on personalized care behaviors, functions, and processes that have physical, psycho cultural and social significance or meaning. The goal of nursing is to facilitate individuals to regain or maintain health in a way that is culturally congruent, or to help people face handicaps or death. Conceptual framework is focused on cultural care and health.
 * 3. Madeline Leininger **

Who theorized that in all settings of nursing a client's goals are met through the interaction between client and nurse in her theory of goal attainment? Who is the nursing theorist that developed a model which seeks to integrate the personal, interpersonal, and social systems that influence the patient's health?
 * 4. Imogene King **

I introduced the first midwifery service in the United States and founded the Frontier Nursing Service which lowered the infant and maternal mortality rate of rural Appalachia. Eighty-five years ago my service began with "Nurses on Horseback" and has evolved to include a hospital, home health agency, rural healthcare clinics and a school of nurse midwifery and family nursing. Who am I?
 * 5. Mary Breckenridge **

Who was the first African American public health nurse, hired in 1902 by the charity organization, to visit African American families infected by TB and is credited with paving the way for African American nurses in the practice of community health.
 * 6. Jessie Sleet Scales **

She wrote the classic book "Nursing - Human Science & Human Care" which explores the balance between science and nursing that is the basis of the nursing profession. She draws from the works of Eastern and Western philosophers and emphasizes that the role that nursing plays in our society is based on human care. The practice of nursing is different from curing. It is a transpersonal relationship that includes, but is not limit to ten caritas factors.
 * 7. Jean Watson **

Who was the nurse responsible for establishing the first ideas and definitions of Nursing? A service to mankind intended to relieve and pain and suffering. Nursing's role is to promote or provide the proper environment for patients. The goal of nursing is to promote the reparative process by manipulating the environment.
 * 8. Florence Nightingale **

I worked as a nurse on the Lower East Side of New York City. The year was 1912. I spent my time working with immigrant families. After a bad experience, I devoted my life to teaching women about birth control. I published a pamphlet on reproductive anatomy and sexual development, becoming the first advocate for sex education. I was an American birth control activist, advocate of eugenics, and founder of the American Birth Control League.
 * 9. Margaret Sanger **

This nurse theorized that health as an expanding consciousness was stimulated by concern for those for whom health as the absence of disease or disability is not possible. This consciousness is a process of becoming more of oneself, of finding greater meaning in life, and of reaching new dimensions of connectedness with other people and the world.
 * 10. Margaret Newman **

I was a nurse, social worker, public health official, teacher, author, editor, publisher, activist for peace, women's, children's and civil rights. I was the founder of American community nursing and regarded as the founder of visiting nursing in the United States and Canada. (hint: I also started Henry Street Settlement with help from another leader) Who is credited with creating the title "public health nurse"?
 * 11. Lillian Ward **

I drew my inspiration from the resiliency of children. My model includes the adaptive system with cognator and regulator subsystems acting to maintain adaptation in 4 adaptive modes, which are as follows: 1. physiologic-physical, 2. self-concept-group identity, 3. role function and 4. interdependence. To summarize my model it is a problem solving approach for gathering data, identifying the capacities and needs of humans, selecting and implementing approaches for nursing care and evaluation of the care provided. Who am I?
 * 12. Sister Calista Roy **

This person developed a conceptual framework that views the person as a layered, multidimensional entity in constant flux and flow with the environment. The layering in the model represents various methods of coping and defense to protect the person, with a focus on stress and feedback. views nursing as a "unique profession in that it is concerned with all of the variables affecting the individual's response to stress. Major concern for the nurse is keeping the client system stable through accuracy in assessment of effects and possible effects of environmental stressors
 * 13. Betty Neuman **

This person developed the seven nursing roles, and composed the developmental stages of the nurse-client relationship. She believed that nurses could facilitate a "shared-experience" through observation, description, formulation, interpretation, validation and intervention.
 * 14. Hildegard Peplau **

Who was the woman who founded an American branch of the Red Cross in 1881 and expanded the organizational mission to include response to any great national disaster--not just humanitarian aid in war? Had it not been for the early work and philosophy of this early pioneer in healthcare, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) may not have been established. One of her first macro level nursing services was to Cuban citizens and American military personnel during the Spanish-American war. In addition, she also started American disaster relief efforts.
 * 15. Clara Barton **